Sutter's Fort

Sutter's Fort in Sacramento, California was built in 1839. It was first called New Helvetia or New Switzerland by John Sutter. He built the fort for agricultural and trade purposes. It was a non-Native American fort, unlike other forts and missions in the state. It had a close association with the Donner Party during the California Gold Rush. Its location near the California Trail and Siskiyou Trail made the fort a way-station for many travelers.

John Sutter also owned Sutter's Mill in Coloma. When he discovered gold the fort was abandoned. However, California decided it was an important place to preserve, thus the state made it part of the state parks. The state also considers Sutter's Fort a national landmark as of 1961.

Visitors can find the fort at 27th and L Streets in Old Town Sacramento. Tours are provided of the fort, though operating hours can vary. The main building of the fort has survived. This building was completed in 1843. The fort is on level ground with an elevation of approximately 20 feet. The elevation slopes toward the American River and westward toward the Sacramento River. All of the drainage helped pioneers survive in the early use of the fort since a well could be formed.